Which of the following is a potential effect of metabolic alkalosis?

• A. Increased muscle relaxation
• B. Decreased respiratory rate
• C. Fatigue and weakness
• D. High blood pressure

Answer: (C)

Metabolic alkalosis is a condition characterized by an increase in blood pH due to a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration or an increase in bicarbonate. One of the potential effects of metabolic alkalosis is fatigue and weakness. This occurs because the elevated pH can lead to a shift in potassium levels, impacting neuromuscular function and causing symptoms like muscle weakness and fatigue. Additionally, metabolic alkalosis can impair oxygen delivery to tissues, further contributing to feelings of weakness.

In contrast, while increased muscle relaxation and high blood pressure are physiological changes that can be observed in various conditions, they are not directly linked to metabolic alkalosis. Decreased respiratory rate can occur in response to respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis. Hence, the symptoms associated with metabolic alkalosis primarily include fatigue and weakness, which reflects its impact on the body’s metabolic and physiological processes.