What is a common consequence of chronic kidney disease on electrolyte levels?

• A. Hypokalemia
• B. Hyperkalemia
• C. Normal electrolyte levels
• D. Decreased phosphorus levels

Answer: (B)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) commonly leads to hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood. In CKD, the kidneys progressively lose their ability to filter and excrete waste products, including potassium. As the function of the kidneys declines, potassium is retained in the body, leading to higher serum potassium levels. This condition is particularly concerning because elevated potassium can have serious cardiac implications, potentially leading to arrhythmias and other cardiovascular issues.

The other choices involve either conditions that are typically not associated with CKD, such as hypokalemia, which is a lower than normal potassium level, or normal electrolyte levels, which would not be expected given the impaired renal function. Decreased phosphorus levels would also not be accurate, as CKD often leads to increased phosphorus levels due to impaired renal excretion. Therefore, hyperkalemia is a well-recognized complication of chronic kidney disease, making it the correct choice.