What is a clinical sign of severe dehydration?

• A. Increased skin turgor.
• B. Decreased skin turgor.
• C. Blurred vision.
• D. Increased urine output.

Answer: (B)

Decreased skin turgor is a clinical sign of severe dehydration because skin elasticity is directly related to hydration levels in the body. In cases of dehydration, the body loses fluids, leading to a decrease in skin turgor, which is the skin's ability to hold its shape and return to normal after being pinched. This is assessed by gently pinching a fold of skin on the back of the hand or forearm. If the skin remains pinched and does not quickly return to its normal position, it indicates a loss of fluid volume.

In contrast, increased skin turgor would indicate good hydration levels, while blurred vision is unrelated to hydration status and could result from various other conditions. Increased urine output typically signifies good hydration or a response to certain medications rather than dehydration. Thus, the presence of decreased skin turgor serves as a clear indicator of severe dehydration.